Dealing With a Debt Collector

The short answer

You generally have about 30 days from receiving the collector's validation information to dispute in writing. Doing so pauses collection of the disputed amount until they verify it.

Your right to dispute

A collector must give you validation information in its first contact or within five days after it.
That includes the amount, the creditor and how to dispute.
If you dispute in writing within the validation period, generally 30 days, it must stop collecting the disputed amount until it sends verification.
If you don't dispute, it may assume the debt is valid.

State rules

California

The Rosenthal Act covers people who regularly collect, including many original creditors. Since July 2025 it also reaches some commercial debts owed by individuals, up to $500,000. Collectors need a state license. A collector can't sue on a debt once the written contract period has run. Remedies must be pursued within one year.

Nevada

Nevada licenses collection agencies under NRS chapter 649, and a federal violation counts as a violation of that chapter. Agencies can't use deceptive means, harass your employer, or sue on a debt they know is too old. For medical debt, an agency must mail notice at least 60 days before taking action.

Where to complain

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau takes complaints at (855) 411-2372.

California

You can also go to the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation or the Attorney General.

Nevada

The Financial Institutions Division licenses agencies, at (702) 486-4120.

If a collector sues you, don't ignore it. Read If You Are Sued.

Dealing With a Debt Collector

Your right to dispute

State rules

Where to complain

Sources

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